Wrench



Oct. 20, 1931. v. c. GARRISON.

WRENCH Filed Nov. 11, 1930 Invenlor Vance C. Garrison Allomey PatentedOct. 20, 1931 1 UNITED STATES PATENT? OFFICE.

VANCE C. GARRISON, OF NEBISH, MINNESOTA WRENCH Application filedNovember 11, 1930. Serial No. 494,962.

ing the actuating means from the movable l jaw at the will of theoperator, or if desired the actuating means can be operated to feed themovable jaw to engage various sizes of nuts," bolts and the like in theconventional manner. i f

These and other objects, the nature of the invention, its compositionand arrangement and combination of parts will be readily understood byany one acquainted with the art to which this invention relates uponconsulting the following descriptions of the drawings, in which I Figure1 is a side elevational View of my improved wrench.

Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section through Figure Lshowing thedetails of construction and arrangement of parts.

Figure 3 is a transverse vertical cross-sectional View through theoperating worm and its shaft. V

' Figure 4 is a detailed similar cross sectional view of the rampstructure.

Figure 5 is an edge-elevational View of the element disclosed in Figure3.

Referring in detail tothe drawings the numeral 5 designates generally awrench of the type described having the stationary jaw 6 and the movablejaw 7. The stationary jaw has a transverse passage therethroughdesignated 8, and an angular socket 9 leading into the opening 8. In thesocket 9 is a helical spring 10 pressing against the bottom of thesocket and outwardly and upwardly forcing the end of a pin llon which isrotatably mounted a Worm screw 12 having laterally beveled threads 18,oppositely beveled to the teeth 14 on a longitudinal rack bar on thelower edge of the-movable jaw 7. The pin 11 is adapted to be mountedacross the opening 8 and to project a downwardly turned finger portion15 into the'upper convolution of the spring 10, and the other end of thepin a11-is provided with an annular shoulder 16 for limiting themovement in a longitudinal direction of the worm 12. Outside of theshoulder 16 thenormal contour of the pin ll-continues for a shortdistance where it is formed with a reduced portion 17 the outerend ofwhich is downwardly and inwardly beveled as shown at 1.8 for engag ing aramp 19 formed in a screw plug 20 e which is screw threadedly projectedthrough one'side of the stationary aw 6. A longitudinally projectingstop member 21 is mounted just above the ramp 19 to limit the upv. r

pin 11. 7

Apart from the fact that the teeth 14 of therack on the movable jaw 7are laterally beveled so as to have a longitudinally dey 15 flectedangular face it 1s of conventional type with the exception of adownwardly projected foot portion 22 which isladapted to act as a stopmember for limiting the outward projection of the end portion 17 of theward movement of the movable jaw 7, since it is disposed to strike theadjacent or contiguous end. of the worm screw 12. 'An examination ofFigure 2 and Figures 8'and 4 of the drawings discloses the fact that thepin 11 is normally so disposed that the worm 1 screw 12 isnormally'projected into engagement with the teeth of the rack 14, thefinger 15 being disposed in the upper convolution of the spring 10 andtheoppositeend ofthe pin 11 rested on the ramp 19 slightly spaced fromthe stop memberv 2l. i V i Thus the Worm screw 12 is normally projectedinto mesh with the rack teeth 14, andin this position the usual manner.of operation ofawrench of this type is obtainableby a rotating the screw12 on the pin 11; Should a quick adjustment of the jaw be required to asmaller size, it is obvious that a quick direct pressure onfthe movablejaw Tiriwardly will result in the yielding of the springlO-to permitsaid sliding motion by freeing the in structure and material andarrangement screw 12 out of the teeth 14 due to the climbing of thebeveled teeth over each other. It is believed obvious that when thesliding movement has ceased, the spring 10 will urge the screw 12 intomesh with the teeth 14 to resist opening of the aw under the pressure ofthe work. Of course, it is obvious that when the Wrench is desired to bequickly and rapidly opened, the screw may be depressed against theaction of the spring 10 to free the teeth and the screw threads of thescrew out of engagement to permit the free sliding of the movable jaw 7.The wrench is so constructed that at no time is the screw 12 so muchdepressed that it will not any longer act as a stop to meet the stopmember 22 on the movable aw of the wrench, thus providing that at alltimes the said movable j aw be positively and effectively. preventedfrombeing displaced from assembly with the rest of the wrench or too faropened.

It is thought also to be obvious that when the movable jaw 7 has beenroughly adjusted by the said quick sliding motion, the screw 12 may bebrought into action to make a finer adjustment of the said position ofthe movable jaw 7 One of the main advantages of my wrench is that thegreater the pressure which tends to open the movable jaw 7, the greaterthe engagement of the screw with the teeth of the rack 14 will be, sincelongitudinal pressure will cause the pin 11 to have a thrust toward theramp 19, which will cause an upward motion of the pin 11 and aconsequent more powerful engagement of the threads of the screw 12 withthe teeth 14 of the movable jaw 7. It has already been pointed out thatthe spring 10 has an upward, and, with respect to the pin 11, alongitudinal pressure which maintains the pin and its worm screw 12properly positioned for all of the said actions of the wrench. Thus thegreater the pressure which is brought to bear on the wrench while it isbeing used, the greater the security of the engagement of the parts sothat the rigidity of adjustment which is obtained thereby is such as hasnot been herebefore achieved in a wrench of this type.

It will now be evident that I have provided a wrench of the typedescribed which embodies features of extraordinary efficiency andhandiness as well as qualities of power, fine and rapid adjustment, andother features of novelty and advantage which will be evident as growingout of the above description of the parts and their cooperation whichmake up my improved wrench.

It is to be definitely understood that I do not desire to limit theapplication of this invention to the particular modification set outherein to illustrate the principles thereof, and any change or changesmay be made through one vertical wall of said opening,

of parts consistent with the spirit and scope of the invention.

What is claimed is 1. A quick adjustable wrench of the type describedcomprising a handle portion carrying a stationary jaw and a jaw guide, ajaw movable on said guide for cooperation with said stationary jaw, atransverse opening in said handle portion below said guide, an angularlydisposed socket communicating a freely mounted pin, a spring in saidsocket for carrying one end of said pin, a worm screw rotatable on saidpin, a ramp engaging face on the other end of the pin, and a rampmounted in the wall of said opening opposite said socket, said movablejaw provided with a bevel toothed rack on its under edge for coperationwith said worm screw, said spring adapted to normally urge said pin forprojecting the worm screw into cooperation with the toothed rack of themovable jaw, and causing the said ramp engaging face to climb the saidramp for increasing the locking effect of said worm screw with the racksubstantially proportionally to the pressure brought to bear upon thework.

2. A quick adjustable wrench of the type described comprising a handleportion carrying a stationary jaw and a jaw guide, a jaw movable on saidguide for cooperation with said stationary jaw, a transverse opening insaid handle portion below said guide, an angular-1y disposed socketcommunicating through one vertical wall of said opening, a

freely mounted pin, a spring in'said socket for carrying one end of saidpin, a worm screw rotatable on said pin, a ramp engaging face on theother end of the pin, and a ramp mounted in the Wall of said openingopposite said socket, said movable jaw provided with a bevel toothedrack on its under edge for cooperation with said worm screw, said springadapted to normally urge said pin for projecting the worm screw intocooperation with the toothed rack of the movable jaw, and causing thesaid ramp engaging face to climb the said ramp for increasing thelocking effect of said worm screw with the rack substantiallyproportionally to the pressure brought to bear upon the work, said rampbeing adjustable and removable.

In testimony whereof I afiixmv signature.

VANCE C. GARRISON.

